They often end up crumpled in the trash or piled in a recycling bin, but the newsletters, memos and glossy placards politicians send to constituents are pricey.
The costs, which can run into the tens of thousands of dollars each quarter, vary greatly per House member.
In Florida, Rep. Vern Buchanan, R, who represents Sarasota and surrounding counties, spent $51,111.93 on franked mail last quarter, from July 1 through Sept. 30.
House members from nearby districts spent considerably less.
Rep. Connie Mack, R, who represents the Naples area, spent $17,993.09, and Tom Rooney, R, who represents Port St. Lucie, Stuart and Fort Pierce, spent $3,376.23.
Each member’s franked mail costs for last quarter, as well as other expenses, went online for the first time last month.
“We send out a lot of e-newsletter updates,” said Jeff Ostermayer, Rooney’s press secretary. “But is franked mail a good way to get the word out? Yes.”
Ostermayer said the only mailing the congressman sent last quarter involved health care and was targeted at seniors.
The franking process allows members of Congress to mail their constituents using tax funds for postage. The money is taken from the Members Representational Allowance, a fund calculated for each member that varies from about $1.4 million to about $1.6 million per year. These funds are used for office expenses, staff salaries, travel to their districts and other costs.
However, franked mail must abide by strict rules. It is reviewed by committees before it is sent, certain words such as “election” cannot be used and mass mailings are not allowed to be sent 90 days before elections.
Peter Sepp, vice president of communications and policy for the National Taxpayers Union, said franked mail costs double during election years. In 2007, a non-election year, House members spent an average of $7,600 per quarter on mail. However, Sepp said the average is misleading because about 200 members rarely use franked mail.
He said most mail surges are in districts where tight races occurred, and congressional freshmen are eager to communicate with their districts so their names and policies become familiar.
“I don’t see a pattern on states, and the patterns also are not entirely evident between political parties,” Sepp said. “It seems to be more a function of [how recent the] election to office.”
Rep. Bill Posey, who represents Vero Beach and other areas, is in his first term and spent $12,656.90 on franked mail last quarter.
“It’s his duty as a member to communicate with the people who sent him here,” said George Cecala, Posey’s press secretary. “If they disagree, they can call us and let us know. I truly think our newsletters are more informative than self-promoting. We aren’t using our franked mail to promote him. He’s just letting his constituents know a lot of data.”
Cecala said many of Posey’s constituents are seniors, some of whom don’t use computers.
Posey sent out one mass mailer that quarter, Cecala said.
He also held five tele-town hall meetings, or conference calls, when he answered questions for constituents who responded to phone invitations to participate. The 75- to 90-minute calls cost between $2,000 and $2,500 each and are tabulated under the “franked mail” category.
Buchanan, who spent about four times more than Posey, is in his second term. He has a strong grip on his district, where he won the 2008 election with 55 percent of the vote, said New College of Florida political analyst and professor Frank Alcock.
Buchanan’s press secretary did not respond to several telephone and e-mail messages.
Sepp, whose organization tracks franked mail costs, said the average has hovered at $20 million to $30 million for each Congress. That amount is lower than the franked mailing highs of the late 1980s, when Congress spent more than $100 million each term.
Franked mailing began to slow down in the 1990s because technology allowed House offices to target specific populations in their districts, such as seniors or veterans, which cut down on mass-mailing costs.
A 1996 rules change reduced the amount of money House members were allowed to spend on franked mail for each address in their districts from 67 cents to 43 cents, which also lowered costs. However, there is no longer a limit to cost per address on franked mail.
Sepp said the use of e-mail and phone calls has also cut costs.
About 90 percent of franked mailing funds are spent on unsolicited mass mailings, in which at least 500 addresses receive mail, he said.
“Ideally, Congress should be limited to using the franking privilege only to notify constituents of town hall meetings or responding to mail,” Sepp said. “It’s probably a fantasy on our part only because a fair number of members depend on more flexible means than that to get out messages.”